Fornia



Feb. 28, 1928. 1,660,858

E. R. BURTNETT INTERNAL COMBUSTI 0N ENGINE Filed July 26, 1923 Patentedeb. 28, 1923.

EVERETCE R. BURTNEZT, SF 3.105? AIJJGELEE PATENT OFFICE.

,' CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNT/ZENTE, TU THEAU'JOIEUTIVE VALVES 00., OF LOS ANGELES, CALI- I FORNIA, A VOLUNTARYTRUST.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed July 26, 1923. Serial No. 653,889.

My invention relates generally to internal combustion engines and moreparticularly to the construction of the ignition and combustion chambersfor charge stratilication types of engines;

The principal object of my invention is, to provide, in an internalcombustion engine operating on the two stroke cycle principle and havingan l..head type inlet valve and ignition chamber, a substantially gooseneck shaped chamber that provides a connection and passageway betweenthe ignition chamber and the piston chamber, said goose neck chamberbeing tapered or of gradually increasing diameter from the ignitionchamber to the piston chamber, so as to obtain a more perfectStratification of the residual. and fresh gaseous fuel charged takeninto said chamber and which result is attained with less Wall area to agiven amount of cubic content and consequently effecting a relativelyhigher degree of thermal efficiency in the operation of the engine.

A further object of my invention is to provide, in an engine of thecharacter referred to, a single valve that opens into a substantiallyglobular ignition chamber, said valve and chamber having axes that-aresubstantially coincident with each other and parallel with the axis ofthe piston chamber and, further, to provide the engine with a readilyremovable head structure, so as to permit of the ready insertion orremoval of the valve and give ready access to the combustion, goose neckand piston chambers.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, my invention consists incertain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts thatwill be hereinafter more fully described and claimed and illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, in which chamber 16 and seated in thewall ofsaid housing to side of said chamber is a spark plug 17, the terniinalsof the electrodes of which project into said ignition chamber.

Formed 011 the shoulder around an opening 18 that establishescommunication be tween inlet port 15 and ignition chamber 16 is a seatfor a spring held poppet valve 19, that may be unseated by means of theconventional cam or rocker arm (not shown).

The head 20 for the cylinder 10 and housing lei is a substantially flat,dome shaped member, preferably cast and having integral,

externally arranged, heat radiating fins 21.

This head fits snugly upon and is detachably secured in any suitablemanner, to theupper ends of cylinder 10 and housing 1% and formed Withinsaid head is a substan tially goose neck shaped chamber 22, the internaldiameter of which gradually increases from one end to the other, andsaid chamber being disposed so that its smaller and larger endscommunicate respectively' with the upper ends of the ignition chamber 16and the piston chamber.

This chamber 22 in addition to serving as a connecting'chamber ofgradually increasing diameter from the combustion chamber to the pistonchamber, functions as a compressed charge stratification chamber and agaseous fuel charge combustion chamber.

At the termination of each out or down stroke of the piston 11, port 12is uncovered to permit the greater portion of the products of combustionto exhaust from the piston chamber and this exhaust or scavenging actionis materially assisted by the inrush of gaseous fuel that is admittedunder pressure through inlet ports 15 and 18 while valve 19 is open.

As the piston travels upward or inward in its chamber, the admittedgaseous fuel charge and residual products of combustion will becompressed in stratified relation Within ignition chamber 16 and taperedchamber 22, with a stratum of gaseous fuel compressed Iii within saidchamber 16 and in the smaller end of chamber 22 and with a stratum ofresidual products of combustion compressed within the larger end andintermediate portion of said chamber 22.

I At the point of highest compression and as piston 11 passes highcenter or immediately thereafter, a spark is produced between theterminals of the electrodes of spark plug 17 thereby igniting thecompressed gaseous fuel charge within chamber. 16 and the flamepropagation and the expansion resulting from combustion, will passthrough chamber 22 and bedirected against the head of the piston todrive same downward on its power stroke.

Inasmuch as the tapered chamber is comparatively short, the wall andsurrounding said chamber is minimized in proportion to the totalccubiccontent 01" the chamber 22 and this provision materially increasesthermal eiiiciency in operation.

Thus it will be seen that l have produced an internal combustion enginethat is oi? relatively simple structure, capable of being easily andcheaply produced and which will be effective in materially increasingthe production of power.

Obviously, minor changes in the size, form and construction of thevarious parts of my improved. internal combustion engine may be made andsubstituted for those herein shown and described without departing fromthe spirit of my invention, the scope of which is set forthin theappended claims.

I claim as my invention 1. In an internal combustion engine, thecombination witha cylinder provided with a piston chamber and aseparately formed flat globular combustion chamber, the diameter of thelatter being less than the diameter of the piston chamber and therebeing a valved inlet port into the lower end of said combustion chamberand the diameter ofwhich port. is substantially less than that of theintermediate portion of said fiat globular combustion chamber, of aone-piece head block applied to the head end of the cylinder and closingsaid piston chamber and combustion chamber, there being a goose neckchamber formed in said head block and gradually increases in size fromthe end that communicates with the combustion chamber to the end thatconnect-s with the piston chamber. 7

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderprovided with a piston chamber and a separately formed fiat globularcombustion chamber, the diameter of the latter being less than thediameter of the piston chamber and there being a valved inlet port intothe lower end of said combustion chamber and the diameter of which portis substantially less than that of the intermediate portion of said flatglobular combustion chamber, of a one-piece head block applied to thehead end of the cylinder and closing said piston chamber and combustionchamber, there being a goose neck chamber -formed in said head blockand. connecting the head end oi the piston chamber with the upper end ofthe combustion chamber, said goose neck chamber gradually tapering incross sectional dimensions throughout its length with its larger endconnected to andhaving the same diameter as the head end of the pistonchamber in the cylinder and the smaller end of said goose neck chamberbeing connected to the upper end of the combustion chamber.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderprovided with a piston chamber and a separately formed lat globularcombustion chamber, the diameter of thelattervbeing less than thediameter of the piston chamber and: there being a valved inlet port intothelower end of said combustion chamber and the dian'ieter of which portis substantially less than that of the intermediate portion of said "iatglobular combustion chamber, of a one-piece head block applied, tothehead end of the cylinder and closing said piston chamber andcon'ibustion chamber, there being a goose neck chamber formed in saidhead block and connecting the head end of the piston chamber with theupper end of the combustion chamber, said goose neck chamber graduallytapering in cross sectional dimensions througl'iout its length with itslarger end connected to and having the same diameter as the head end ofthe piston chamber in the cylinder, the smaller end of said goose neckchamber being connected to the upper end of the combustion chamber andheat radiating fins formed on the external surface of the head block.

' In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

EVERETT R. BURTNETT.

